AMBALA

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                                                    GENERAL INFORMATION
                                                   Mineral Occurances
Limestone
Two bands of limestone one about 13 metre thick and the other about 25 metre thick, both extending over 500 metre have been located at Tundapathar. It is very high grade limestone with an average of 93 percent Calcium Carbonate and low in Magnesium Oxide.The estimated reserve  is about 6 lakh tonnes. A band of thinly bedded Sabathu limestone, about 5 metre thick, occurs at Barun in Naraingarh tehsil. A band of limestone, about 20 metre thick and about 1.2 kilometre long occurs at Kharag. The total reserve in the area is estimated at 50 lakh tonnes of good quality limestone.The largest deposit of this area occurs at Ramsar and Sherla (Naraingarh tehsil). The limestone is well bedded about 30 metre thick and extends for about 2.4 kilometres. The reserve is estimated at about 120 lakh tonnes. The limestone belt extends to Malla (Kalka tehsil), Jonpur, Dabsu, Ambri and Jabial in Naraingarh tehsil.

Saltpetre
A small quantity of salpetre is extracted from the soils around Ambala and Barara.The ground water in the district occurs under confined and semi-confined conditions. The depth of  water level varies greatly in the area immediately to the south of the Shivalik hills. It ranges  between 2 and 47 metre, maximum being towards the hills. The water level in the area further  south ranges between 1.5 and 1.2 metre, but generally it varies between 4 and 8 metre. The shallow tubewells are usually constructed down to a depth of 10 to 45 metre. However at some places as in Nagia-Mullana belt, have been drilled to a depth of 90 metre. Shallow tubewells usually tap ground water from single aquifer. The deep tubewells generally range in depth between 91 and 185 metre but at few places tubewells down to 445 metre have also been constructed. Ground-water is generally fresh and suitable for domestic and irrigation purposes.

                                                                       Seismicity
Seismically Ambala district lies in a region where earthquakes of moderate to great intensity have been experienced in the past. Being situated very close to the Himalayan Boundary Fault Zone, it is prone to earthquake shocks originating there. History of the past two hundered years for which records are available shows that during the Kangra earthquake of 1905, Ambala district  experienced an intensity of VII-VIII M.M.(Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale of 1951). A committee  of experts under the auspices of Indain Standard institution prepared seismic zoning map of India, where Ambala district has been placed in zone IV Where a maximum seismic intensity VIII M.M. is likely to reach in future earthquakes.Taking into consideration the above factors and also the fact that the extreme cases of high intensity occur only at long intervals, it is felt that a provision of seismic ground acceleration of 10 percent gravity (.10 g) may be made for engineering structures founded on well consolidated soil. For weaker foundations and important structures, the seismic factor may be suitably increased.

 


                                                                                                                                                                                      

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